Apparatus for drawing liquids from casks



' I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 E. L. STARGK. Apparatus for ]J ra,wing Liquids fromfla sks, 850.

No. 225,175. Patented Mar. 2,1880.

INVENTOR.

NPEI'EHS, PHOTO-LITHDGRIPIIGIEH, WASHINGTON. D O

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. L. -STARGK. Apparatus for Drawing Liquids from Gasks, &c. No. 225,175. Patented Mar. 2, 1880.

"r iglm I'NVEN'T'OR and stale.

Ihvrren STATES PATENT 01mins.

EDWARD L. STARGK, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

APPARATUS FOR DRAWING LIQUIDS FROM CASKS, 80C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 225,175, dated March 2, 1880,

Application filed September 3, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD L. STAROK,

of the city of Baltimore, in the State of Mary- 5 land, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Drawing Liquids out of Casks, Kegs, or other Vessels, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a.

part thereof.

Heretofore the liquids have been drawn out of casks or kegs by'ineans of a common faucet,

I was found to be objectionable, as the free access of air and escape of gases made them flat To remedy this various forms ofv apparatus were devised, which admitted only a limited quantity of air into the keg, just sufficient to produce the flow. that they partly prevented the free escape of gases, they still did not protect the liquid from the action of the air, which is the real cause of the loss of strength and staleness of the Notwithstanding I same. My invention is based upon an entirely different and new principle. Keeping the bun ghole perfectly closed and not admitting at the same time any air into the keg, I make the liquid flow by its own gravity into the cylinder of a vacuum-pump, from which it is forced out by the downstroke of the piston, and consequently does not come in contact with air before it leaves the nozzle. Above the liquid in the keg I preserve a perfect vacuum till the keg is emptied.

In the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of reference indicate like parts,

, a top view of the faucet.

Figure l is a front elevation of my faucet. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the geometrical axis of the cylinder. Fig. 3 is Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 represent certain separate parts and pieces of the mechanism, and will be explained and described at the proper place.

The working of my apparatus is very simple, and is as follows: After the straight pipe A is driven through the tap-hole in the keg, (for which purpose I provide my faucet with a strong cast-iron knob, 13,) the motion of the lever O, by means of the handle D, toward the right will, in the first place, turn the cock E to a quarter of a circumference, open the passage from the keg into the cylinder, and then any further motion of the same lever will be transferred through the spur-wheel F and a pinion, g, to the rack H, which acts at the same time'as the piston --rod of the pump.

While the upstroke of the piston is producing a vacuum in the cylinder the space in the same is being filled with the liquid filowing out of the keg, by its own gravity, through the pipe A. Now, if we commence the downstrokethat is, move the lever G to the leftthe cock E will make a quarter of a revolution and be brought to its former position. This will close the channel leading to the keg and open the communication of the cylinder with the nozzle K, through which the liquid will be forced out while we are bringing the lever O in its first position. The three-way cock E makes automatically a quarter of a revolution every time we change the motion of the lever G from left toward the right, and vice versa; and this turning of the cock takes place always ahead of any motion of the piston, no matter at what portion of the up or down stroke we reverse the motion. To accomplish this I secure to the side face of the spurwheel F a strong pin, M, and on the shaft L,

. which turns free on the journal N, I out a slot,

Z, larger than the pin M by two teeth of the spur-wheel F. These two teeth which I lose on the spur-wheel F enable me to give a turn of ninety degrees to the cock E before the spur-wheel F communicates any motion to the piston. This lost motion is transferred to the cock E by the following arrangement: The lever O is secured to the shaft L, as shown in Fig. 8, the shaft being provided with suitable slots 0 and Q, and secured to it by a dovetailed key, a. At a proper distance from the shaft L, on each side of the lever O, is a spring, b, pressing a catch, 0, which works in a ratchet. These ratchets P and a R are riveted to the side faces of larger wheels T and U and sit .loose on the shaft L. The wheels T and U other on different sides of the lever O, and this is necessary, as one set must be thrown out of gear while the second set is in gear with the knee-piece S, according to whether the lever O is on its up or down stroke.

In order to be able to open or close the cock E at any position of the lever O, I designed this intermediate gear-that is, the knee-piece S and wheels T and Uwit-h a peculiar shape of teeth. The curvature of the teeth of wheels T and U is generated by the radius of the outer circle of the knee-piece, and the curvature of the teeth of the latter by the radius of the outer circle of the former.

It will be seen that by this method of withdrawing their contents from vessels as perfect a vacuum is formed in the same as is compatible with the evolution of gas from or evaporation of their liquid contents. Were the liquid mercury or other non-volatile or slightlyvolatile liquid the vacuum formed would be practically a perfect one, which fact suggests uses for my apparatus which are widely different from the single one hereinbefore referred to--viz., the tapping of liquids from casks.

What I claim is 1. In an apparatus for withdrawing their liquid contents from vessels without contact of air with said contents, a chamber provided with mechanism for producing avacuum therein, and having a cut-off actuated by the said mechanism, as set forth.

2. In an apparatus for withdrawing their liquid contents from vessels without contact of air with said contents, a chamber provided with mechanism for producing a vacuum therein, and having a cut-off actuated by the said mechanism, the motion of the cut-off preceding that of the vacuum-producing mechanism, as described.

I '3. In an apparatus for withdrawing their liquid contents from vessels without contact of air with the same, a vacuum-chamber communicating with said vessel, and having a three-way cock in the connection, as and for the purpose set forth. a

4. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the faucet and nozzle, the cylinder and piston, and the three-way cock, as described.

5. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the faucet and nozzle, the cylinder and piston having rack and pinion, and the three-way cock, as described.

6. The combination, with the faucet, nozzle, cylinder, piston, and rack, of the actuatinglever and intermediate gearing, whereby the three-way cock is operated inadvance of the stroke of the piston, as described.

7. The combination, with the faucet, nozzle, three-way cock, and cylinder, of the piston, consisting of a series of washers inclosed in cup-shaped packings, as set forth.

8. In combination with the vacuum-chamber and its connection, a three way cock, adapted, as described, to set up communication between the vacuum-chamber and the vessel whose contents are to be discharged, and to discharge the contents of the vacuumchamber after a whole or partial filling, as described.

9. The three-way cock having the connecting-rod of its crank attached to the knee-piece S, which latter is mounted on the journal with the pinion that transmits motion to the rack and piston of the pump, as set forth.

10. The knee-piece S and wheels T and U gearing therewith, as described, and provided with ratchets P an d R, made fast to the wheels, the wheels and ratchets being free to turn on the shaft L, as set forth.

l1.=In combination with the lever O and slotted shaft, the dovetail key a, substantially as described.

ED. L. STAROK.

Witnesses:

J OSEPH H. FORMAN, AL. M. BRISOOE. 

